Études et publications

EPLS a réalisé de nombreuses études sous l’égide du Ministère des Affaires Etrangères Français, de la Communauté Européenne, et de l’Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (OMS). Depuis 1992, EPLS a réalisé plus de 50 programmes de recherche appliquée dans la vallée du fleuve, dont les résultats ont donné lieu à près de 100 publications dans des revues scientifiques et médicales internationales à comité de lecture.

Publications

Schistosomiasis co-infection in humans influences inflammatory markers in uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria

Diallo TO, Remoue F, Schacht AM, Charrier N, Dompnier JP, Pillet S, Garraud O, N'diaye AA, Capron A, Capron M, Riveau G.

Parasite immunology, 2004, 26(8-9):365-9 (PMID : 15679634)

Malaria and schistosomiasis are the two major parasite diseases present in developing countries. The epidemiological co-infection with schistosomiasis could influence the development of the physiological reaction associated with Plasmodium falciparum infection in human. Most studies have demonstrated the association of circulating levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), tumour necrosis factor-a (TNF-alpha), interleukin-10 (IL-10), transforming growth factor (TGF-beta) and soluble Tumour Necrosis Factor Receptors (sTNF-RI and sTNF-RII) with the morbidity of malaria. In the present study, we showed that Schistosoma haematobium co-infection influences, in an age-dependent manner, the unbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory circulating cytokines that play a key role during malaria infection. Indeed, children co-infected by S. haematobium have higher levels of IFN-gamma and sTNF-RII than children infected only by P. falciparum. In contrast, co-infected adults presented a significant increase of IFN-gamma, IL-10, TGF-beta, sTNF-RI and sTNF-RII rates and IL-10/TNF-alpha ratio. Taken together, this study indicates that schistosomiasis co-infection can unbalance the regulation of inflammatory factors in uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria. The possible consequences of the schistosomiasis co-infection for age-dependent malaria morbidity are discussed.

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Specific isotype immune response in the diagnosis of human schistosomiasis pathology?

Bonnard P, Remoue F, Schacht AM, Deuffic-Burban S, Dompnier JP, Elguero E, Charrier N, Cassagnou M, Diop M, Ly A, Capron A, Riveau G.

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2004, 71(2):202-5. (PMID : 15306711 )

Since the few indirect markers available for assessing the development and the stage of intestinal schistosomiasis morbidity are weakly specific, endoscopy is still the only method able to detect severe forms of pathology. Therefore, we evaluated the isotype antibody response to the current schistosome antigen preparation (soluble egg antigens [SEA]) in 142 Senegalese patients infected with Schistosoma mansoni. They were stratified into three different stages of pathology according to ultrasonographic, endoscopic, and clinical parameters (stage 1 = no detectable pathology; stage 2 = moderate morbidity; stage 3 = severe forms of pathology). Only median specific IgG4, IgE, and IgA responses changed according to the stage of pathology. The IgA level was significantly higher in stages 2 and 3 compared with stage 1, and the IgE level was higher in stage 3 compared with stage 1. A high specific IgG4 level was observed only in stage 3 and was significantly different compared with stage 2. We show an association between the variability of the specific response to SEA and the degree of morbidity, and demonstrate that IgA and IgG4 responses could be combined markers to easily discriminate the different stages of pathology due to infection with S. mansoni.

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