Publications
Evaluation of the patterns of Schistosoma mansoni infection and re-infection in Senegal, from faecal egg counts and serum concentrations of circulating anodic antigen
Polman K, Stelma FF, Le Cessie S, De Vlas SJ, Falcão Ferreira ST, Talla I, Deelder AM, Gryseels B.
Annals of tropical medicine and parasitology, 2002, 96(7):679-89 (PMID : 12537629)
Infection and re-infection patterns were evaluated in a recent Schistosoma mansoni focus in northern Senegal, by determining concentrations of serum circulating anodic antigen (CAA), as a measure of worm burden, and counting eggs in faeces before, 6 or 12 weeks and 1 year after praziquantel treatment in two subsequent cohorts (cohort A and B). No differences in egg counts and CAA concentrations or their relationship were found between the cohorts, which were examined 2 years apart. Within both cohorts, CAA concentrations showed the same, typical, age-related patterns as egg counts, with a peak in children and a strong decline in adults. These trends were apparent both before and 1 year after treatment. The results indicate that an age-related resistance to infection and to re-infection has been firmly established, at a steady level, in the recent S. mansoni focus investigated, with no indication of a gradual development of immunity or anti-fecundity immunity over a period of 2 years. Both shortly and 1 year after treatment, the decrease in egg counts was stronger than that in CAA concentrations, indicating that that there had been a reduction in worm fecundity after treatment. The possibility that praziquantel may induce anti-fecundity immunity has important implications for the use and interpretation of the results of (egg-count-based) re-infection studies designed to follow the development of naturally acquired immunity
Water-related disease patterns before and after the construction of the Diama dam in northern Senegal
Sow S, de Vlas SJ, Engels D, Gryseels B
Annals of tropical medicine and parasitology, 2002, 96(6):575-86 (PMID : 12396320)
The ecological changes caused by projects for the development of water resources are known to affect the epidemiology of water-related diseases. The effects of the construction of the Diama dam (completed in 1986) in the Senegal River on the epidemiology of malaria, urinary and intestinal schistosomiasis, diarrhoea and dysentery were investigated in four districts in northern Senegal. To make allowance for any general trend in reported morbidity (caused by changes in demography or the healthcare system), the numbers of cases of these illnesses reported by the basic healthcare facilities before and after the completion of the dam were compared with those of respiratory disease. Prior to the construction of the dam, malaria was the most encountered water-related disease in the medical records of all districts, followed by diarrhoea, dysentery and urinary schistosomiasis. This order remained the same after the completion of the dam. Despite the optimism of health-assessment reports prepared prior to the construction of the Diama dam, the unexpected appearance and spread of intestinal schistosomiasis as well as an increase in the incidence of urinary schistosomiasis have aggravated public health in the Senegal River basin. It remains to be judged whether the economic benefits of the dam will counterbalance its adverse effects
Implication of Bulinus truncatus in the transmission of urinary schistosomiasis in Senegal, West Africa
Sène M, Southgate VR, de Clercq D, Ly A, Vercruysse J.
Annals of tropical medicine and parasitology, 2002, 96(2):175-80 (PMID : 12080978)
Studies on the compatibility between Bulinus truncatus and Schistosoma haematobium from various areas in the Senegal River basin (SRB) were carried out, to investigate the role of B. truncatus in the epidemiology of urinary schistosomiasis in Senegal. The results show that B. truncatus from the Lower Valley is not compatible with S. haematobium from the Middle Valley. Interestingly, the study reveals that B. truncatus from the Upper Valley is compatible with S. haematobium from the same area, and that S. haematobium from the Middle Valley is compatible with B. truncatus from the Lower Valley. Bulinus truncatus naturally infected with S. haematobium have been collected from the Upper Valley of the SRB. These results indicate that B. truncatus is involved in the urinary schistosomiasis in Senegal.
Efficacy of praziquantel against Schistosoma mansoni in northern Senegal
Sturrock RF, Davis A.
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2002, 96(1):10 (PMID : 11925983)
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